SPEAKER_1: Welcome to StarTalk, your place in the universe where science and pop culture collide.
SPEAKER_1: StarTalk begins right now.
SPEAKER_1: Welcome to StarTalk Radio, I'm Neil deGrasse Tyson, your personal astrophysicist.
SPEAKER_1: I also serve as Director of New York City's Hayden Planetarium right here in New York City at the American Museum of Natural History.
SPEAKER_1: My co-host is the one and only, Chuck Nice.
SPEAKER_3: And thank God for that, huh?
SPEAKER_3: The one and only.
SPEAKER_1: You're thanking God today, right?
SPEAKER_1: Exactly.
SPEAKER_1: Not your parents for birthing you.
SPEAKER_3: Right.
SPEAKER_1: All right, today we're gonna be talking about my interview with the science journalist, Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_3: Nice.
SPEAKER_1: I mean, how many science journalists can you actually name?
SPEAKER_3: Now, one.
SPEAKER_3: Now I can name one, Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: Miles O'Brien, he's had a whole career in this stuff.
SPEAKER_1: He was a science correspondent for CNN for 16 years.
SPEAKER_3: Wow.
SPEAKER_1: And he might even have been there from the beginning.
SPEAKER_1: I mean, I don't know, CNN ain't all that old, right?
SPEAKER_3: Not really.
SPEAKER_1: Right, right.
SPEAKER_1: And he's reporting on science and space and aviation and environmental issues.
SPEAKER_1: He was their go-to man.
SPEAKER_1: And right now, he's no longer with CNN and he does pieces on science for the PBS NewsHour.
SPEAKER_3: That's great.
SPEAKER_1: Formally, the McNeil Lair hour.
SPEAKER_1: Did one of them die or something?
SPEAKER_3: I'm not sure.
SPEAKER_1: One of them left.
SPEAKER_3: I'm sure one of them's gone.
SPEAKER_3: I'm not sure if he's left us completely.
SPEAKER_1: Don't know if he's left this earth or not.
SPEAKER_3: Right, left the earth or not.
SPEAKER_3: But yeah, I think they both retired.
SPEAKER_1: They both retired, okay.
SPEAKER_1: So I caught up with Miles on the road and I said, I can't miss that opportunity to get him on StarTalk.
SPEAKER_1: So I pulled out my microphone and we just started talking.
SPEAKER_3: Sounds so dirty.
SPEAKER_1: So I didn't say I whipped out the microphone, I said I pulled it out.
SPEAKER_1: You made it, I made it clean.
SPEAKER_3: You made it clean, I made it dirty.
SPEAKER_1: I was wondering, was he always interested in science and did he study science in school?
SPEAKER_1: And how do you become a science reporter for a major news?
SPEAKER_1: So this is what I was curious about.
SPEAKER_1: Let's find out.
SPEAKER_4: I'm a history major, and it shows in my reporting, don't you think?
SPEAKER_4: I'm a classic example of a guy who has a natural interest and appreciation for science and without naming any names, was taught by some teachers who didn't infuse the enthusiasm for the subject that should be there.
SPEAKER_1: Enthusiastic, because you can read that immediately in the face of a reporter.
SPEAKER_4: Exactly.
SPEAKER_4: It's interesting how when I came to the subject, I came to it in such a strange way compared to other people.
SPEAKER_4: History major, I become a reporter, I'm in local news for a dozen years.
SPEAKER_1: What local, where were you local?
SPEAKER_4: Oh, I was in St.
SPEAKER_4: Joe, Missouri.
SPEAKER_4: That's a big market.
SPEAKER_4: 191 out of 203 at the time.
SPEAKER_4: I used to shoot my own stories back in the day when the camera was attached to a big recorder, which itself weighed about 100 pounds.
SPEAKER_4: All myself, one man band.
SPEAKER_4: And then I found my way into Albany, New York, then Tampa, Florida, Boston.
SPEAKER_4: And then, while I'm in Boston.
SPEAKER_1: Each market ever bigger than the previous one?
SPEAKER_4: Yeah, yeah, more crimes to cover.
SPEAKER_4: There's more bodies and therefore more, you know, it's fires and mayhem.
SPEAKER_4: And so I was getting tired of that, but I didn't see a logical way out necessarily until I heard that CNN was looking for a reporter.
SPEAKER_4: The catch was they were looking for a science correspondent.
SPEAKER_4: A science correspondent, the history major who had been chasing around.
SPEAKER_1: So now you're being audacious to respond to an ad for a science reporter.
SPEAKER_4: The scientific term would be ballsy.
SPEAKER_4: So I managed to cobble together a tape that had a reasonable number of technical stories that was kind of science-y.
SPEAKER_1: Science wasn't something scary to you.
SPEAKER_4: This is the key.
SPEAKER_4: The only reason I am where I am, I was never afraid of the subject.
SPEAKER_1: That's important.
SPEAKER_4: Yes, and this is a key issue with people because there is a science phobia, which I discovered in a palpable way when I was trying to get stories on the air at CNN.
SPEAKER_4: You know, that newsroom is populated by science phobics.
SPEAKER_4: They're all poli-psi history English majors, God bless them, I'm one of them, who are petrified.
SPEAKER_4: You say the S word and they practically run from you.
SPEAKER_4: And I cannot tell you how many times you go through all the iterative processes to get a piece ready for air and then there's a final play for the supervising producer of CNN, play the tape for them.
SPEAKER_4: Tape we had in those days.
SPEAKER_1: I was about to comment.
SPEAKER_4: Back in the day.
SPEAKER_4: It was relatively esoteric.
SPEAKER_4: It was like buckyballs.
SPEAKER_1: Carbon 60, making the vertices of a soccer ball.
SPEAKER_4: It was graphite of the year.
SPEAKER_4: I was on the cover of Science Magazine.
SPEAKER_4: You know, it was a big deal for a little while.
SPEAKER_4: We thought we were gonna have superconductivity by now on Mars with buckyballs.
SPEAKER_4: But a lot of these things didn't pan out.
SPEAKER_4: But anyway.
SPEAKER_1: And the flying cars too.
SPEAKER_1: Don't forget those.
SPEAKER_4: Yes, exactly.
SPEAKER_4: So I flew my jet pack into the newsroom and played this tape about buckyballs.
SPEAKER_4: And the guy said, I know this is science, but that was interesting.
SPEAKER_1: That seems to have a book in it.
SPEAKER_4: Yes, as if the two were mutually exclusive.
SPEAKER_4: So it's interesting how science is perceived by people.
SPEAKER_4: And I think we do a pretty good job in our educational system of scaring people away.
SPEAKER_1: But how much of this was because you were simply a good journalist telling the story?
SPEAKER_4: That's a really good question because really the purest definition of a journalist would be the most important thing is an overriding sense of curiosity, a desire to understand yourself.
SPEAKER_1: No matter the subject.
SPEAKER_4: And an ability to communicate that to your audience.
SPEAKER_4: That's the job, right?
SPEAKER_1: Right.
SPEAKER_4: So whether it's politics, and Lord knows we get a lot of that, or science, it should be the same discipline.
SPEAKER_4: When I went down to interview for the job, Bailey Barish was the science editor at the time.
SPEAKER_4: She was a former molecular biologist.
SPEAKER_4: She actually knew science.
SPEAKER_4: And I came in there as this local news guy, cobbled together this reasonably technical tape out of Boston and really had no business being there.
SPEAKER_4: And she put me through the two-day interview, which included going out and shooting a story, reading in front of the camera, all the stuff you'd expect, but also a written and oral exam about science.
SPEAKER_4: I flunked.
SPEAKER_4: You know, she was asking me all these things about climate change, and this was 1992.
SPEAKER_1: Early in this.
SPEAKER_4: You would have known about it, but I was the history major chasing bodies around in Boston.
SPEAKER_4: I didn't really know much about it.
SPEAKER_1: We knew about it from the 80s when they started talking about the effect of climate change from asteroid impacts and nuclear winter and all of this.
SPEAKER_4: And of course, Jim Hansen and Al Gore were talking to Congress about it late 80s, but I wasn't paying attention.
SPEAKER_4: Anyway, so I flunked it miserably.
SPEAKER_4: I get to the end of the line after this two-day ordeal, the president of CNN, Bob Fernand, and he's at his desk, you know.
SPEAKER_4: He doesn't even look up from the papers, you know, his desk.
SPEAKER_4: Obviously, you don't know shit about science.
SPEAKER_4: So this is one of those moments in your life.
SPEAKER_4: What do you do?
SPEAKER_4: And I threw the Hail Mary Pass.
SPEAKER_4: I said, and that is why you want to hire me.
SPEAKER_4: And I thought at the time that was deep into the ballsification.
SPEAKER_4: The truth is, it is the truth.
SPEAKER_4: Because the audience of CNN, it's not scientists.
SPEAKER_4: You know, they tell us to write to somewhere between the fifth and eighth grade education.
SPEAKER_4: And what you need is somebody who's curious, not afraid of the subject, and able to figure out ways to communicate complex things in a more simplistic way.
SPEAKER_4: All those things, as it turns out, I was pretty good at.
SPEAKER_4: And so actually, having somebody come in there defending a degree might get in the way and, as we all know, science is a lot of things to a lot of people, and it's very compartmentalized.
SPEAKER_4: If I happened to be an astrophysicist, what would I know about buckyballs or whatever?
SPEAKER_4: I would have a keener understanding of the scientific process, but I learned the scientific process pretty quickly along the way.
SPEAKER_4: And I also had a former molecular biologist as my editor.
SPEAKER_4: So it's a great lesson for all of us, I think, about science and why it scares us and how if we're just a little curious and embrace it, we might all like it a little bit.
SPEAKER_1: You're listening to the StarTalk interview with science journalist Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: That'll continue when we come back.
SPEAKER_1: We're back, StarTalk Radio, Neil Tyson here, Chuck Nice.
SPEAKER_1: Across the desk from me.
SPEAKER_1: We're here in New York City, and we're talking about science journalism.
SPEAKER_3: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: And we've got Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: So apparently, you only know one science journalist, and his name is-
SPEAKER_3: Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_3: And before this-
SPEAKER_1: You gotta get out more.
SPEAKER_3: Yeah, I really do.
SPEAKER_3: Except I also know Science Friday, except I don't know the journalist.
SPEAKER_1: You don't know the journalist on Science Friday, NPR, Science Friday.
SPEAKER_3: But I'm gonna rename him Ballsy O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: Ballsy O'Brien from that last clip.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, as a history major, bust into the man's office, say I'm gonna be your science reporter.
SPEAKER_3: Yeah, man, Ballsy O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: But that's kind of, there's a gender neutral way to say that.
SPEAKER_3: What is that?
SPEAKER_1: You say go-naddle O'Brien.
SPEAKER_3: Go-naddle.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, gonads, because men and women both have gonads, gonads, there you go.
SPEAKER_1: So we have more of my interview with him.
SPEAKER_1: Like I said, I caught up with him on the road and some of the clips sound like we were in a rain conduit under a highway.
SPEAKER_3: Yes, absolutely, that's so true.
SPEAKER_1: But we got him, I got him on tape.
SPEAKER_3: Were you guys graffitiing a wall while you were talking?
SPEAKER_1: I'll get the interview wherever I can, whenever I can.
SPEAKER_1: So in this next clip, I had asked him what's going on?
SPEAKER_1: Because it seems like journalists are now the center of the story.
SPEAKER_1: They're not talking about something else.
SPEAKER_1: Everything's got to go through them and get their opinion and their perspectives.
SPEAKER_1: And I just was curious about the trend.
SPEAKER_1: Let's find out.
SPEAKER_4: I think the idea of journalists becoming personalities was probably rooted in a good idea, but it's gotten out of control.
SPEAKER_4: The good idea is that we all need to kind of have somebody take us along for the ride.
SPEAKER_4: Otherwise, you'd all go out and do stories and it'd be mayhem, right?
SPEAKER_4: The notion of journalism is that you hire a guy like me who has the time wherewithal profession to go out and talk to people about complicated things and relay that back.
SPEAKER_4: In the process of doing that, you kind of want to go along for my journey and see how you did it.
SPEAKER_4: That makes for a more effective story telling motif.
SPEAKER_1: So you're my personal guide.
SPEAKER_4: Kind of like that.
SPEAKER_4: I'm a tour guide to the world of science.
SPEAKER_4: Now, you can do it other ways where people like you as a scientist could carry the entire story, sort of the old BBC style, right?
SPEAKER_4: No narration, just let the scientist tell the story.
SPEAKER_4: There's nothing wrong with that.
SPEAKER_4: It's just that this is another way to do it.
SPEAKER_4: What happens though is if you get really good at it, you get in the way of the story as the fame and the fortune and the attention get.
SPEAKER_1: Your identity becomes bigger than the story itself.
SPEAKER_4: It's like the sun exploding and taking the planets in with it.
SPEAKER_4: That's a bad analogy.
SPEAKER_4: The point is I think it's difficult to stop this train once it gets going down the tracks.
SPEAKER_4: And we're pretty far down the tracks right now.
SPEAKER_4: The thing about working for a place like PBS is no one cares.
SPEAKER_4: There's no money or fame.
SPEAKER_4: It's just we go out and do stories.
SPEAKER_1: Go out, get the job done, go on to the next game.
SPEAKER_4: I assert myself to the extent that it makes sense and no more, no less, and it doesn't get out of control.
SPEAKER_4: What happens is it becomes a real money game.
SPEAKER_4: And frankly, it leads to bigger contracts for journalists.
SPEAKER_4: And so it's obvious that they would do this.
SPEAKER_4: But I think there's a little bit of a conflict of interest there in telling the story.
SPEAKER_1: I guess I don't mind people being personalities, but what has happened is the journalists have now become opinion leaders.
SPEAKER_1: And so the line that I thought used to be there between here's someone who I trust who's giving me news, and here's someone who I just heard the news, but now they're telling me how to think.
SPEAKER_1: I don't know that that line is still there.
SPEAKER_4: No, it's gone.
SPEAKER_4: But I think what has happened, part of the problem here, is that in a world where information has become a commodity, what is a journalist to do to provide the value added?
SPEAKER_4: How do they, in this cacophonous world, wave their hands and say, hey, hey, listen to me over here?
SPEAKER_4: And it's a natural outcome of my experience covering news for 30 years and space for 20 to have enough depth and knowledge of it to actually be able to analyze it in a way that is not just the facts, ma'am.
SPEAKER_4: I can go beyond Joe Friday.
SPEAKER_4: Now, does that mean that I turn my work into just opinion screed after opinion screed?
SPEAKER_4: No.
SPEAKER_4: Does it mean that in the context of what I do on the web, through the various media that I'm involved in, there are places for me to kind of connect some dots that I wouldn't necessarily in a classic AP style story?
SPEAKER_4: Yes.
SPEAKER_4: Reporters are given a license to give their opinion.
SPEAKER_4: It's very easy to just keep doing that.
SPEAKER_1: That's happened with Lou Dobbs.
SPEAKER_1: He was probably the first to do that in a really big way.
SPEAKER_1: I used to watch him for news, and then I noticed a growing fraction of his delivery of content, which is how he thought about the world.
SPEAKER_1: It was like the Lou Dobbs show, you know, rather than time to get more news.
SPEAKER_4: Well, there's a lot of history to this.
SPEAKER_4: Of course, you know, we call this the Foxification of news because Fox, of course, made a huge business out of providing news from a very distinct perspective.
SPEAKER_1: From a point of view.
SPEAKER_4: Right?
SPEAKER_4: There used to be a thing called the Fairness Doctrine.
SPEAKER_4: All that's gone for the broadcast.
SPEAKER_4: Of course, cable has never been FCC controlled anyway.
SPEAKER_4: So what you've seen is this kind of polarizing component to the mainstream media on cable.
SPEAKER_4: Lou saw that, got right on there, and she helped lead that charge.
SPEAKER_4: And the presumption is that plain old vanilla newscasts, that Ted Turner always said, the news will always be the star here.
SPEAKER_4: That was his quote back in 1980.
SPEAKER_1: That sentence was actually uttered.
SPEAKER_4: That was uttered.
SPEAKER_4: It's a quaint and humble time.
SPEAKER_4: He got off his horse there in Atlanta and it was lit by kerosene.
SPEAKER_4: The news will be the star.
SPEAKER_4: What a notion.
SPEAKER_1: Somebody should resurrect that.
SPEAKER_4: CNN's philosophy should be that still today.
SPEAKER_4: But for whatever reason they've decided they have to answer this foxification factor, but they can't quite figure out how to do it because they want to be the world's most respected important network, which they are globally.
SPEAKER_4: And yet they want to put in this edge and you can't square that very well.
SPEAKER_4: So I think frankly, if they just got back to that notion, you could cut your salary on their talent.
SPEAKER_4: Ted just hired washed up local anchors to do it back in 1980 because that's all he could afford.
SPEAKER_4: And all they did was give the news.
SPEAKER_4: Well, these days, could you make a business doing that with all the other sources?
SPEAKER_4: I don't know.
SPEAKER_4: I'm not sure.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, so Chuck, does your fame get in the way of your storytelling of accurate content?
SPEAKER_3: Yeah, yes, all the time.
SPEAKER_3: And by get in the way, I mean not at all because I don't have any fame.
SPEAKER_3: Kind of hard for it to get in the way of something that doesn't exist.
SPEAKER_1: That doesn't exist.
SPEAKER_1: Let me ask you something because I'm partly on the journalist side of the line in the sand because I get called by journalists to talk about the universe.
SPEAKER_1: If you're watching the news, what do you want to hear?
SPEAKER_1: Do you want to see a famous person and then have them talk about the news objectively?
SPEAKER_3: I don't want to see a famous person.
SPEAKER_3: And he's right.
SPEAKER_3: Miles O'Brien is right.
SPEAKER_3: I love when he says, basically what he's saying is, you gotta get the money out of journalism.
SPEAKER_3: You hear that, Matt Lauer?
SPEAKER_3: We're coming for you.
SPEAKER_3: No.
SPEAKER_1: Coming for your paycheck.
SPEAKER_3: We're coming for your paycheck.
SPEAKER_3: It's like Citizens United.
SPEAKER_3: Get the money out of politics.
SPEAKER_3: We gotta get the money out of journalism because it really has become about personalities.
SPEAKER_3: It's a cult of personalities.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, but it's not the journalists' fault.
SPEAKER_1: All people tune in.
SPEAKER_1: They wanna see Anderson Cooper.
SPEAKER_1: They wanna see Rachel Ray or, well, she's Cook's, but still, personality apparently matters.
SPEAKER_3: Well, you know, I blame Walter Cronkite for this.
SPEAKER_1: Good point.
SPEAKER_1: People tune in to him.
SPEAKER_3: And he's the guy that did it.
SPEAKER_3: He's the guy that was, people were like, I gotta get home and watch Walter Cronkite because I really trust that guy.
SPEAKER_3: And whatever he tells me is true.
SPEAKER_1: It's his fault.
SPEAKER_3: It's his fault.
SPEAKER_3: God rest his soul.
SPEAKER_1: Wow, I have to agree with you.
SPEAKER_1: It was his way of telling the news that people trust it.
SPEAKER_1: And we didn't think of it as personality type, but that's what it was.
SPEAKER_3: That's really what it was, yeah.
SPEAKER_3: And for him to be on the news nightly and coming into your home and saying, you know.
SPEAKER_1: In your living room.
SPEAKER_3: In your living room.
SPEAKER_3: And that's the way it was, or it is, or.
SPEAKER_1: Or will be.
SPEAKER_1: Or might have been.
SPEAKER_3: I love that.
SPEAKER_3: See, that's true journalism.
SPEAKER_3: Right, right.
SPEAKER_3: And that's the way it might have been.
SPEAKER_3: That's honest journalism.
SPEAKER_3: I'm totally objective.
SPEAKER_1: You know, for most of my world, the universe, it's hard to put a strong opinion on it.
SPEAKER_1: You know, if I tell you, you know, two galaxies are gonna collide, or the sun just burnt up some plasma, and that gets reported, it's not susceptible to politicizing.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, I don't know.
SPEAKER_3: You don't watch a lot of Fox News, do you?
SPEAKER_1: No, I mean, of all the sciences, astrophysics, I think, is the least politicizable.
SPEAKER_1: Like, when you think about it.
SPEAKER_1: See, there's biology, there's health, there's, you know, think of all the other sciences and the way people try to put a spin on it.
SPEAKER_3: But see, now here's the deal.
SPEAKER_3: Once again, you're thinking like a scientist, because when you think about the absolute, you know, what you think is just a truth, okay?
SPEAKER_3: For instance, the age of the universe because of measurable light.
SPEAKER_1: Yes, yes, 14 billion years old.
SPEAKER_3: 14 billion years old.
SPEAKER_3: There are people who say, nah-ah, that's no, that can't be.
SPEAKER_1: Well, so, but it's, like I say, the good thing about science is true whether or not you believe in it, we just move on.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, that's true, that's a good point.
SPEAKER_1: That's all I'm trying to say here.
SPEAKER_1: But the idea that we have personalities, I think it's unavoidable because we like personalities.
SPEAKER_1: There it is.
SPEAKER_1: You can complain about it, but that's not gonna change.
SPEAKER_3: And also information has to do with whether or not you receive it has to do with from whom it's coming.
SPEAKER_1: The storyteller.
SPEAKER_3: The storyteller.
SPEAKER_1: And not everyone is an equal storyteller.
SPEAKER_3: Absolutely.
SPEAKER_1: So, and the journalistic version of a storyteller is, do I just like what you wear or what you sound like?
SPEAKER_1: Or your hair.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah.
SPEAKER_3: Right, your great journalist hair.
SPEAKER_1: Crazy, we gotta take a break.
SPEAKER_1: We'll be back with StarTalk's interview with Miles O'Brien, science journalist.
SPEAKER_1: This is StarTalk Radio, continuing.
SPEAKER_1: I'm Neil deGrasse Tyson, your personal astrophysicist, Chuck Nice.
SPEAKER_3: You're a personal comedian.
SPEAKER_1: What's that, right?
SPEAKER_3: I'm trying to be something.
SPEAKER_1: You need some kind of moniker.
SPEAKER_3: I'm just trying to be something now.
SPEAKER_1: What's your Twitter moniker?
SPEAKER_1: Chuck Nice Comic.
SPEAKER_3: At Chuck Nice Comic.
SPEAKER_1: Comic, okay.
SPEAKER_1: I follow you, actually.
SPEAKER_3: Man, I follow you, too.
SPEAKER_1: Okay, well, thank you.
SPEAKER_3: Of course.
SPEAKER_1: Mutual following society.
SPEAKER_1: We've been listening to my interview with Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_3: Fascinating stuff.
SPEAKER_1: The science journalist started out at CNN and freelanced for a bit, and now he's a regular correspondent for the PBS NewsHour.
SPEAKER_1: It's all about science journalism.
SPEAKER_1: And I just wanted to get to the bottom of it, because I've been interviewed a zillion times and not all science journalists are created equal.
SPEAKER_1: And so I wanted to ask him, what did he think made a good interview or bad interview?
SPEAKER_1: Let's find out.
SPEAKER_4: How many times have you sat and listened to an interview on TV where it's obvious the person doing the questioning is not listening?
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, I see that.
SPEAKER_4: And this happens a lot on live TV.
SPEAKER_1: But they're just going through the motion.
SPEAKER_4: Yeah, it's very difficult, because they'll say, hey, we got Neil Tyson on this morning and we're gonna talk about this new planet they've discovered, right?
SPEAKER_4: And we got maybe four minutes.
SPEAKER_4: And when you get on the air, somebody's gone long before you, the politician, and they get in your ear and they say, we only have two minutes with Neil.
SPEAKER_4: And then you're-
SPEAKER_1: Because they're talking to you the whole time.
SPEAKER_4: And then when you talk, the minute you say something, they're screaming in my ear and I can't.
SPEAKER_4: So it's obvious what happens.
SPEAKER_4: That becomes a horrible interview.
SPEAKER_4: And a lot of that is not the fault of the anchor person.
SPEAKER_4: But the moral of that story is, if you're allowed the opportunity to actually have a dialogue as we're having now, you'll have a great interview.
SPEAKER_4: You know, Larry King, famously, did not do homework.
SPEAKER_4: He was proud of that fact.
SPEAKER_4: Now, I think that's a little extreme, but there is a little kernel of wisdom in that.
SPEAKER_1: He's in the family.
SPEAKER_4: He is in the family, but he famously did not do any homework.
SPEAKER_4: He wanted to be as if he was a viewer, which led to some very embarrassing moments on television, frankly, where he just asked some really inane, stupid questions.
SPEAKER_4: However, by and large, I think there's something to that.
SPEAKER_4: You don't want to forget who's coming along with you on this.
SPEAKER_4: And to the extent that you're trying to impress people by being smart and knowing stuff, you're not doing a good job as an interviewer.
SPEAKER_4: You're just trying to show off.
SPEAKER_4: If you're just asking questions that seem logical to you as a reporter and a person, and by extension, the viewers, and you're listening to your subject, you can have a great interview.
SPEAKER_1: So that must be the times when I find myself sometimes having to tow the interviewer when I'm being interviewed, because they don't really know what they're asking, so I have to sort of help them along.
SPEAKER_1: And that's a big effort that I have to put in.
SPEAKER_1: I don't want to have to do that.
SPEAKER_4: It takes two to tango.
SPEAKER_4: Sometimes you just don't click.
SPEAKER_1: Because when they do click, then we can go to new places in a short amount of time.
SPEAKER_4: It's extraordinary.
SPEAKER_1: It's back and forth.
SPEAKER_4: I know this is a family show, but it is like some other things in life.
SPEAKER_4: You think you got the chemistry, you don't, right?
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, I am fatigued when I have to tow a journalist's interview.
SPEAKER_1: Oh man, it's like we could have made music together, and now I'm towing your ass.
SPEAKER_3: Exactly, right.
SPEAKER_3: You're a big, large butt.
SPEAKER_3: You're a big, journalistic, large butt.
SPEAKER_3: I gotta carry you around now because you don't know what.
SPEAKER_1: But you must feel that if you're doing a room.
SPEAKER_1: If you're in a comedy doing a room, and the room is not with you, you gotta tow them, right?
SPEAKER_1: That's a burden.
SPEAKER_3: Yeah, but you know, you can't look at it that way as a comedian because it's my job to make them laugh.
SPEAKER_3: So I can't look at them and say like, well, you guys aren't getting this.
SPEAKER_3: It's your fault.
SPEAKER_3: You know, I don't suck.
SPEAKER_3: You do.
SPEAKER_3: It's a little difficult as the comedian to take that stance.
SPEAKER_3: That wouldn't go over well.
SPEAKER_3: Right in the middle of my ass.
SPEAKER_3: You know what, you guys suck.
SPEAKER_1: You guys have no sense of humor.
SPEAKER_3: Right, you guys have no sense.
SPEAKER_3: But now, it's funny what he said about, I think the thing I learned the most in that clip was that Larry King is lazy.
SPEAKER_1: No, because I never did Larry King while he was on, excuse me, I was never interviewed by Larry King while he was on CNN, but he has a web show now, and so I did his web show.
SPEAKER_1: And so my first time ever with Larry King, he's there, suspenders, and.
SPEAKER_3: Cleveland, you're on.
SPEAKER_3: Cleveland, you're on with Neil deGrasse Tyson.
SPEAKER_3: We're sitting here having some gin-sana together.
SPEAKER_3: What's the question?
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, so what was interesting was, he never actually followed up on any answer that I gave.
SPEAKER_1: He just kept, it was like a machine in motion.
SPEAKER_3: Right.
SPEAKER_1: So it was, superficially, it might have seemed like a conversation, but it wasn't.
SPEAKER_3: But it really wasn't.
SPEAKER_1: It wasn't.
SPEAKER_1: He was just, I'm getting through these questions.
SPEAKER_3: I'm getting through my questions.
SPEAKER_1: Whatever your answer is, it doesn't matter, I'm moving, you know?
SPEAKER_1: And that means he gets through an interview, you know, you gotta credit him that.
SPEAKER_1: He's not gonna leave anything out from his agenda items, but-
SPEAKER_3: But that's not a conversation.
SPEAKER_1: It was not a conversation.
SPEAKER_3: And it's also not an opportunity for people to learn even more, especially with someone like you.
SPEAKER_3: Cause you're-
SPEAKER_1: I go places.
SPEAKER_3: No, I'm serious, you do, and I'm not, you know, listen, I'm gonna kiss your butt just a little bit right now.
SPEAKER_3: But the fact is that you're not just smart about astrophysics, you are intellectually curious, period.
SPEAKER_3: So like, there are so many things that you can talk about.
SPEAKER_3: That's why I do this show.
SPEAKER_1: Well, it flushes out, well, thank you.
SPEAKER_1: Thanks for, yes, cause it flushes out all the surrounding terrain of a conversation.
SPEAKER_1: No, I agree, I agree.
SPEAKER_1: So, but it's interesting that he is definitely aware of that cause he's on the journalist side of that equation and he sees it and he knows it when it's happening.
SPEAKER_3: Right, right.
SPEAKER_1: You know, so generally when I go in, I'm ready for the journalist to not come back at me and I try to parcel the information so that it lives on its own.
SPEAKER_3: Gotcha.
SPEAKER_1: But if they then engage me, we go to new places.
SPEAKER_3: So, see, now that you do do in comedy, it's like, ooh, I can tell this is a stupid audience.
SPEAKER_1: Take that to another place.
SPEAKER_3: I'm gonna go someplace else.
SPEAKER_1: When we come back, more StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: StarTalk Radio, we're back.
SPEAKER_1: Neil Tyson here with Chuck Nice.
SPEAKER_1: Chuck, we just came off that clip about what's a good interviewer, bad journalistic interview.
SPEAKER_1: I don't expect anything from the journalist.
SPEAKER_1: I try to come with my information parceled, and I check to see if does it click or does it not.
SPEAKER_1: And so I put out a little testers to see are they paying attention or are they not.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, absolutely, we do that in comedy too.
SPEAKER_1: You do?
SPEAKER_3: Yeah, you have to calibrate your audience.
SPEAKER_1: Calibrate, oh, I love the word.
SPEAKER_1: Very scientifically literate.
SPEAKER_3: You gotta float little trial balloons, you know what I mean?
SPEAKER_3: You tell a joke and then they don't get, you're like, oh, okay, I see what it is.
SPEAKER_3: We're going in there, dick jokes it is.
SPEAKER_3: Okay, people, nothing smart for you.
SPEAKER_1: You're calibrating the intelligence level of your audience.
SPEAKER_3: Basically.
SPEAKER_1: So Miles O'Brien has a lot of history there.
SPEAKER_1: He started at CNN and then CNN closed their science division.
SPEAKER_1: And I said, look, I can't interview Miles without hearing some backstory on that.
SPEAKER_1: So let's see what he has to say.
SPEAKER_4: In 1980, when CNN was new, and the fanciest commercial they could get on the air was the Chia Pet and Zanfair the Flute Guy.
SPEAKER_4: AT&T, back when it was really Marbel, approached Ted Turner and said, Ted, how would you like it if we sponsored your fledgling cable news network for science stories?
SPEAKER_4: And Ted said, science, yes, we'll do science.
SPEAKER_4: Now, admittedly, Ted Turner probably would have done science eventually, he would have gotten around to it.
SPEAKER_4: But AT&T forced the issue.
SPEAKER_4: They came in and they said, we want to do three spots a week, you'll play the spots and right after the spot we'll air an AT&T commercial.
SPEAKER_4: And then we'll compile those pieces along with a few other things and we'll have a weekend show called Science and Technology Week.
SPEAKER_4: And we're gonna give you X million dollars.
SPEAKER_1: Brilliant idea.
SPEAKER_4: All of a sudden there was a science unit at CNN, a brand new network, cable news, 24 hours, and they had a science unit run by a molecular biologist, Bailey Barish, and off to the races they went.
SPEAKER_4: And for years and years and years, the world could be coming to an end and those spots would air.
SPEAKER_4: Because the pieces were linked to the advertiser.
SPEAKER_4: We had a direct linkage between our science coverage and mullah.
SPEAKER_1: That's the crash truth, not some noble principle.
SPEAKER_4: It was money.
SPEAKER_4: Money.
SPEAKER_4: There were other, they had a travel show that was similarly linked to commercials.
SPEAKER_4: And over time, CNN decided they didn't like that and they didn't have to do it anymore because it got to be the big dog.
SPEAKER_4: And so why should we force ourselves, producers hate this because in the middle of their show, they have to put the buckyball piece in with the AT&T spot right after it and it messes up their show.
SPEAKER_4: And if something's going on and makes it difficult for us to produce our shows, so let's get rid of the linkage.
SPEAKER_4: And once they got rid of that linkage, it was just a matter of time.
SPEAKER_4: Now, I deluded myself into thinking we were so good and that they cared, or at least I thought that for a while, but then I noticed we weren't getting on the air.
SPEAKER_4: We would pitch ideas, we would produce stories, and they wouldn't get on the air.
SPEAKER_4: And then we get queries from certain shows to do, you know, how does that water skiing squirrel water ski anyway?
SPEAKER_4: Is there some science there?
SPEAKER_1: It felt like the beginning of the end.
SPEAKER_4: Yeah.
SPEAKER_1: So the first shuttle launch that you're not covering for CNN because you got pink-slipped.
SPEAKER_1: I'm watching CNN and in come the replacements.
SPEAKER_4: Send it to the clouds.
SPEAKER_1: In come the replacements.
SPEAKER_1: And this particular launch, it landed at night.
SPEAKER_1: So there was like the night scope on it.
SPEAKER_1: And so they announced it saying, oh, yeah, there's a glowy area of the shuttle.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, they got a special camera that makes the hot spots glow.
SPEAKER_1: And so I tweeted, I said, could someone teach the reporter the word infrared?
SPEAKER_1: So he was describing what he saw, but with no understanding behind it.
SPEAKER_1: And so therefore the viewer is not taken to a new place that they don't see for themselves.
SPEAKER_4: And worse yet, no one in the newsroom would have called him on that and said, you dummy, that was infrared, because they either are not listening or are equally uninformed.
SPEAKER_1: So Chuck, if you don't have dedicated staff, they don't have the vocabulary, they don't have the insight, they don't have the lexicon to carry a story.
SPEAKER_1: So they're just people on the street at that point, not trained journalists.
SPEAKER_3: Exactly, yeah, people who are, yeah, these guys are going up into the sky in their Sky Chariot.
SPEAKER_3: Oh my God, look at that, it's magic.
SPEAKER_1: And there's hot flames coming out the back.
SPEAKER_3: Exactly, apparently the ship had Mexican.
SPEAKER_3: There's a lot of flames coming out of the back.
SPEAKER_3: Totally.
SPEAKER_3: What?
SPEAKER_3: It's terrible, it's terrible.
SPEAKER_3: No, it makes sense, you're absolutely right.
SPEAKER_3: What he just hit on and what you just said are one of the things that beyond that, in addition to that being annoying, the fact that these guys are kind of proud and think it's cute when they don't know something about science, you know what I'm saying?
SPEAKER_1: Right, right.
SPEAKER_1: Oh, I never did well in science, ha.
SPEAKER_1: The interesting thing is there's a lot of mysteries in science where if you learn a little bit of science, then you could talk about those mysteries, not the mystery of why you don't know the word infrared at all.
SPEAKER_3: Right.
SPEAKER_3: And there's not a mystery behind that.
SPEAKER_3: It's called public school.
SPEAKER_1: This is, all right, this is StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: We'll be back in a moment.
SPEAKER_1: StarTalk Radio, Neil deGrasse Tyson here, your personal astrophysicist, and I'm in studio with Chuck Nice.
SPEAKER_3: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: Chuck Nice Comic.
SPEAKER_3: That's right, at Chuck Nice Comic.
SPEAKER_1: Is that where you, no, you're at here right now.
SPEAKER_3: I am at here.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, my mother would just had a stroke.
SPEAKER_1: That's where you be at.
SPEAKER_3: Where you be at.
SPEAKER_3: I be at here.
SPEAKER_3: I could almost feel the lash of a belt across my back side.
SPEAKER_3: How dare you.
SPEAKER_1: Chuck bringing the ghetto into StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: We've been featuring my interview.
SPEAKER_1: This whole show has been on science journalism.
SPEAKER_1: Who's the leading science journalist?
SPEAKER_1: It's gotta be Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: I mean, who else would we be talking about?
SPEAKER_1: Who else?
SPEAKER_1: I caught up with him.
SPEAKER_1: I think it was in Washington, DC.
SPEAKER_1: I did this interview some time ago, and it was the best I could do.
SPEAKER_1: I had to pull out a microphone.
SPEAKER_1: But do you know what's happened to Miles since then?
SPEAKER_3: No.
SPEAKER_1: He got into an accident, and he damaged his forearm of his arm, and they had to amputate.
SPEAKER_1: He's like missing half his arm now.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, my goodness.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, I know.
SPEAKER_1: He had really good spirits about it, because the option was to not amputate and then die.
SPEAKER_1: So if that's your choice, I think you're good with the missing half an arm.
SPEAKER_3: One arm, die.
SPEAKER_1: You got that.
SPEAKER_1: But he's back in business, and he's got an active Twitter feed, and he's still doing pieces for the PBS NewsHour.
SPEAKER_1: So he's a real trooper.
SPEAKER_3: Oh, good for him.
SPEAKER_1: And I asked him in the interview, what kind of stories...
SPEAKER_1: I like knowing people's favorites, right?
SPEAKER_1: So I asked, what's the favorite stuff he likes to do as a journalist?
SPEAKER_1: Because you know there's going to be some boring stories out there.
SPEAKER_1: Yes, this is true.
SPEAKER_1: Everybody's got to do the boring ones, but I just wanted to find out what makes him tick.
SPEAKER_4: What meant the most to me as a journalist, covering the loss of Columbia, to be on the air for 16 solid hours live, no net, and drawing upon my knowledge and wits...
SPEAKER_4: The Columbia Space Shuttle that broke up on February 1st, 2003.
SPEAKER_4: At that time, I was a couple of weeks away.
SPEAKER_4: We had been having private meetings to talk about what NASA had agreed to do, which was to fly me on the shuttle to the station.
SPEAKER_4: That was all ready to go once Columbia landed.
SPEAKER_1: You were in line to be an astronaut.
SPEAKER_4: I was going to do it.
SPEAKER_4: I had the whole thing lined up.
SPEAKER_4: I'd been working on it for years.
SPEAKER_4: And that Saturday morning, we lost Columbia crew, friends of mine, NASA.
SPEAKER_4: But yeah, this is our family, right?
SPEAKER_4: And so as a journalist, talk about a mix of emotions to deal with.
SPEAKER_4: And I went on the air for 16 hours and frankly, helped our nation get through a horrible tragedy.
SPEAKER_4: And so I'm extremely proud of being a part of that.
SPEAKER_4: But to say that's your favorite story sounds really strange because it's a horrible thing.
SPEAKER_4: So the bookend of that is to cover John Glenn's return to flight with Walter Cronkite as my co-anchor.
SPEAKER_4: Who else in the world can say Walter Cronkite was their co-anchor?
SPEAKER_4: And we ended up having a nice relationship that lasted up until his death.
SPEAKER_1: That's the way it was.
SPEAKER_4: He was a great man and it was a wonderful experience.
SPEAKER_4: So it's hard to beat those two.
SPEAKER_1: Is there some future story that you want to cover?
SPEAKER_4: You know, if I had the opportunity, I would gladly take a one-way trip to Mars and set up a bureau there.
SPEAKER_4: Gladly.
SPEAKER_1: Mars Bureau.
SPEAKER_4: Yeah, that Mars Bureau.
SPEAKER_1: That sounds great, too.
SPEAKER_4: Miles O'Brien.
SPEAKER_1: Reporting live from the Valles Marineris.
SPEAKER_4: Well, then, to see the reporting live, I thought about this reporting live thing.
SPEAKER_4: You think the lag is bad going to Baghdad now.
SPEAKER_4: Twenty minutes, the punchline's on jokes.
SPEAKER_4: Don't go so.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, there's no witty repartee.
SPEAKER_1: You know, Miles, how you doing?
SPEAKER_1: We'll get back in 40 minutes.
SPEAKER_1: Twenty there and twenty back.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, yeah, you can't have spontaneous live reporting.
SPEAKER_3: Right.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, because Mars, you know, at its sort of average is 20 minutes away, like travel time.
SPEAKER_3: Like travel time.
SPEAKER_1: Right.
SPEAKER_1: So I'm going to say, Hey, Miles, how you doing?
SPEAKER_1: Twenty minutes later, he receives it.
SPEAKER_1: It is, and he can answer instantly, right?
SPEAKER_1: I'm fine.
SPEAKER_1: Twenty minutes later back.
SPEAKER_1: Right?
SPEAKER_3: That's great.
SPEAKER_3: Here's the thing that would kill that conversation.
SPEAKER_3: I'm sorry.
SPEAKER_3: Could you say that again?
SPEAKER_3: You're done.
SPEAKER_3: Just wasted an hour.
SPEAKER_1: So there'd be some serious nipping and tucking of those interviews to put them on air.
SPEAKER_1: But it's interesting how tragedy, and consider that CNN, its greatest ratings over all the years were during tragedies, during the Gulf War, when there was major disasters, people tuned in to CNN.
SPEAKER_1: And so there it is.
SPEAKER_1: I mean, maybe it's something deep within us all.
SPEAKER_1: I don't know.
SPEAKER_3: We definitely gravitate towards the macabre and tragedy.
SPEAKER_1: Does that work in humor too?
SPEAKER_3: Yes, it does as a matter of fact.
SPEAKER_1: Which is odd, because people want to laugh, but now you're going to make them sad, and they laugh about being sad?
SPEAKER_3: And there is a very specific dark humor that many people subscribe to.
SPEAKER_1: Really?
SPEAKER_3: That they just love when you have jokes.
SPEAKER_3: Dead grandma jokes?
SPEAKER_3: Okay, I hate to put it in there.
SPEAKER_3: Dead grandma jokes.
SPEAKER_3: But there's a whole genre of, they're just called dead grandma jokes.
SPEAKER_1: Just the dead grandma genre.
SPEAKER_3: Yes.
SPEAKER_3: And people love it.
SPEAKER_1: You guys are messed up.
SPEAKER_3: We are messed up in the head, man.
SPEAKER_1: Well, you guys are just messed up, okay?
SPEAKER_1: So actually, no, now that I think about it, when I tell cosmic stories, the ones that people, eyes open the most are like when the human species goes extinct from asteroids.
SPEAKER_1: Or if you get stretched and spaghettified falling into a black hole.
SPEAKER_1: People totally dig that.
SPEAKER_3: Well, there's something in our psyche that, I mean-
SPEAKER_1: Okay, so it's not you, comedians are messed up.
SPEAKER_1: We are messed up as humans.
SPEAKER_3: Absolutely.
SPEAKER_3: I mean, I have to accept one of the most fascinating things to me is when you think about two galaxies colliding.
SPEAKER_1: A train wreck that is the most awesome thing to observe ever.
SPEAKER_3: Absolutely.
SPEAKER_3: And why would that appeal to me?
SPEAKER_1: Okay, so we conclude in this StarTalk that human beings are just messed up.
SPEAKER_3: There you go.
SPEAKER_1: In the head.
SPEAKER_3: Thanks for tuning in.
SPEAKER_1: Have a nice day.
SPEAKER_1: So Chuck.
SPEAKER_3: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: Next up, we're going to find out where all the science journalism has gone.
SPEAKER_3: Indeed.
SPEAKER_3: Sounds like a folk song in the making.
SPEAKER_1: You compose one by the end and we'll listen for it.
SPEAKER_3: Chuck Dillons.
SPEAKER_1: Star, StarTalk Radio will be right back.
SPEAKER_3: Star So Chuck, guess who we have in studio?
SPEAKER_3: Well, yeah, I'm excited.
SPEAKER_1: We got Science Guy.
SPEAKER_3: Yes, the Science Guy.
SPEAKER_1: Bill Nye, the Science Guy.
SPEAKER_2: Where has all the science journalism gone?
SPEAKER_1: That wasn't even good grammar either.
SPEAKER_1: And we bringing in by Skype from the UK.
SPEAKER_1: The one, the only, Elise Andrews, Elise.
SPEAKER_1: Hello.
SPEAKER_1: Thanks for joining us in StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: Everyone who knows you knows why we have you on the show, but maybe others don't.
SPEAKER_1: Elise Andrew is like founder of IFLS.
SPEAKER_3: IFLS?
SPEAKER_1: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: So Elise, we all know what the I love science, the ILS stands for, but what does the F stand for?
SPEAKER_5: Am I allowed to swear?
SPEAKER_1: She frickin loves science.
SPEAKER_5: Frickin loves science.
SPEAKER_1: You frickin loves science.
SPEAKER_5: I seriously love science, I fracking love science.
SPEAKER_5: There's so many words you can fit in there if you want to.
SPEAKER_1: So I wondered, this morning I looked up on your Facebook page, and it's, so Facebook, you can become a follower of it.
SPEAKER_2: You can like it.
SPEAKER_1: You can like it, that's what they call it, and at least you're rising through 19 million people.
SPEAKER_3: Whoa.
SPEAKER_5: You're about 50,000 away from 19 million.
SPEAKER_1: Nobody knew that that many people effin loved science.
SPEAKER_3: Yes, I mean, there are quite a few people who just love science.
SPEAKER_1: Right, so if we added all the people just kinda love science.
SPEAKER_3: And the people that like science.
SPEAKER_1: And the people that like science.
SPEAKER_1: You've got a billion people.
SPEAKER_1: Would you agree?
SPEAKER_5: I'm not sure about your specific numbers, but yeah, somewhere in that range, I think so.
SPEAKER_2: Anyway, it's a lot bigger than many people think is the deal.
SPEAKER_1: That's the deal.
SPEAKER_2: And then the irony is, in the midst of all this, we have people who deny science, who don't wanna participate in science, who don't wanna fund science.
SPEAKER_3: Now, I'm gonna say, Elise, before we get going with any other questions, in the interest of full disclosure, I don't deny science, but I am a climate denier.
SPEAKER_3: So, just so you know, I deny.
SPEAKER_5: Wait, so you deny.
SPEAKER_3: I deny climates.
SPEAKER_5: You deny that the climate exists, or just the whole thing, the whole climate?
SPEAKER_1: No, I'll kick his ass after the show.
SPEAKER_1: I got Chuck, don't worry about Chuck.
SPEAKER_2: Is there gonna be video?
SPEAKER_1: So, let me ask you, Elise, the, journalistically, we just came off an interview with Miles O'Brien, and in part of that interview, we, you know, it was a two-parter, and he doesn't work for CNN anymore.
SPEAKER_1: They don't even, they didn't, they fired the whole science unit.
SPEAKER_1: And what, I don't know the future of science journalism other than looking to sites such as yours to bring science to the public.
SPEAKER_1: But you're an aggregator of science, right?
SPEAKER_1: You're not creating the science news up front.
SPEAKER_1: So if no one is actually finding the science news to report on, are we in a world where the public's access to science is through these aggregated sources?
SPEAKER_1: What do you have to say about that?
SPEAKER_5: I mean, I think aggregators are becoming more and more important in the world.
SPEAKER_5: The internet is this amazing place that's full of so much information, but so much bollocks as well.
SPEAKER_5: And the average person doesn't have the time to sift through all that.
SPEAKER_5: So aggregators are hugely important.
SPEAKER_5: I think editors and people who've got a keen eye for spotting the nonsense and sifting through it, all that is really important.
SPEAKER_5: But we do actually post original news now.
SPEAKER_5: I've got a website, I've got a writing team, I've got staff, I've got people with PhDs on staff, which is really exciting.
SPEAKER_5: So even though it started as an aggregation site, it's very much moved into creating original news.
SPEAKER_5: And so I do think aggregation is really the way that the 21st century media is going, but we do need to retain long-form journalism.
SPEAKER_5: And I'm horrified to hear that CNN have let go of their sign as journalists because we need that.
SPEAKER_2: Oh yes, it was years ago.
SPEAKER_5: Really?
SPEAKER_1: But let me, first of all, I want, in America, I want us to have the word bullocks too.
SPEAKER_1: That's a great word.
SPEAKER_2: Bring it on.
SPEAKER_5: Sorry, it's such an English word, isn't it?
SPEAKER_1: I want that word too.
SPEAKER_5: Bullocks.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, with your permission, we will.
SPEAKER_5: It's fantastic, it's so expressive.
SPEAKER_1: It's so guttural, right.
SPEAKER_5: I love swear words, they're just, they're so expressive, it's great.
SPEAKER_5: But we need that, we need long-form journalism.
SPEAKER_2: Yes, to that end, we have, at the Planetary Society, full disclosure, Neil and I are on the board.
SPEAKER_1: Even more full disclosure, he's the CEO of the Planetary Society.
SPEAKER_3: Sweet.
SPEAKER_2: It's what happens when you leave the room and come back, but we have Emily Lockdawalla, who was excellent, and she was in the control room when Feely died the other day, because her journalism is well-respected enough that they include her.
SPEAKER_2: So-
SPEAKER_1: And she's not originally a trained journalist, she's an enthusiast.
SPEAKER_2: She's a geologist, yeah.
SPEAKER_1: A geologist.
SPEAKER_2: Who studies planets, and so what I'm driving at is there's a rising to the top.
SPEAKER_2: If it's high enough quality, long-form journalism will find its way, and you, Elise, provide the outlet for that.
SPEAKER_5: Yeah, absolutely.
SPEAKER_1: Well, that's encouraging.
SPEAKER_3: That is.
SPEAKER_3: You're the Huffington Post of Science.
SPEAKER_5: God, that doesn't sound great, does it?
SPEAKER_5: But I think what's really exciting-
SPEAKER_1: What's that, Chuck?
SPEAKER_1: Why did you insult my guest here?
SPEAKER_3: Oh my God, that was awesome.
SPEAKER_3: No, yeah, go on.
SPEAKER_5: I think what's really exciting is in this world of Twitter and in this world of blogs and in this world of everybody having Facebook and everybody having Twitter, you get to see scientists and people who are still actively engaged with research now becoming actively engaged with the public.
SPEAKER_5: Everybody who publishes these days publishes a blog.
SPEAKER_5: People write their own stuff.
SPEAKER_5: You know, the great stuff about Lophila and Rosetta, you know, there were fantastic blogs coming out of the European Space Agency.
SPEAKER_5: Scientists writing about it themselves, which I think is another great thing that's come out of this internet age.
SPEAKER_5: It isn't all just journalists talking about science.
SPEAKER_5: You've got scientists talking about science.
SPEAKER_5: I mean, there's a website that I-
SPEAKER_1: Well, in fact-
SPEAKER_2: What do they know about science?
SPEAKER_1: What do they know about science?
SPEAKER_3: That's what Bill just said, what do they know about it?
SPEAKER_1: So what you're saying here, the unspoken fact here is that as science journalism began to fade, we took it into our own hands.
SPEAKER_1: The science community plus the enthusiasts plus the internet, and we said, we're gonna do our own reporting without the middleman.
SPEAKER_2: This is the democratization of journalism.
SPEAKER_2: So what I say to students and what I'll say to the audience is when I was young, if you look something up in the Encyclopedia Britannica, for example, Elise, you could count on it.
SPEAKER_2: It was probably correct, right?
SPEAKER_1: Yes.
SPEAKER_2: But now you go to the internet and you find many, many, many, many more sources of much lower quality.
SPEAKER_2: So the skill that we need to imbue in students is how to sift through that.
SPEAKER_1: I'm just encouraged that from what you said, and I agree with it, if you're good, it can percolate up and become noticed by others.
SPEAKER_1: This is a very good sign.
SPEAKER_3: However, there is something to be said for having an organization that has the resources and the wherewithal to make that happen.
SPEAKER_1: Well, so but Elise starts from scratch.
SPEAKER_1: You have a staff of writers in long-form journalism.
SPEAKER_1: That's not how you started, right?
SPEAKER_5: Absolutely not, absolutely not.
SPEAKER_1: Okay, so she's gonna become a journalism media magnet.
SPEAKER_3: Fantastic.
SPEAKER_2: She is one.
SPEAKER_1: Even more one.
SPEAKER_2: Yeah, one-er.
SPEAKER_5: I'm like a ginger root at my dock.
SPEAKER_5: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: So just, we got a couple minutes left in this segment.
SPEAKER_1: What else can you share with us about what you've, this empire you've built?
SPEAKER_1: What's that?
SPEAKER_2: Clarification, yeah.
SPEAKER_2: You used the term ginger, cause you're redheaded.
SPEAKER_2: Is that what that's about?
SPEAKER_3: That's what that is.
SPEAKER_2: Just, you know, radio is our visual medium.
SPEAKER_2: Yeah, sure, yes.
SPEAKER_1: Well, thank you for being considerate of our audio audience.
SPEAKER_1: Yes.
SPEAKER_1: Yeah, so, what wisdom can you share with others who might want to start a blog or be famous like you?
SPEAKER_5: Be famous like me?
SPEAKER_5: Oh, don't go into it looking for that.
SPEAKER_5: Talk about something you're excited about.
SPEAKER_5: Get excited about it.
SPEAKER_5: And if you've got something you want to say, the internet has provided the resources for you to do it.
SPEAKER_5: If you want to start, if you want to do it on Twitter, on Facebook, a blog, a podcast, a YouTube show, the internet has provided you with all these amazing resources to get your voice out there.
SPEAKER_5: So do it.
SPEAKER_5: Even if you're talking to 10 people a week to start with that, we'll grow.
SPEAKER_5: And maybe you'll never get to 19 million because most people don't, but you will be able to build an audience of people who are interested if you've got something to say.
SPEAKER_5: You just have to get started.
SPEAKER_1: There it is.
SPEAKER_3: There you have it.
SPEAKER_3: That's why I'm excited to announce now my new blog, which is actually funded by Exxon Mobil, and it's called Climate Change, The Jury's Still Out.
SPEAKER_2: There probably is such a thing.
SPEAKER_1: So Chuck, you're precisely the kind of people we don't want to have blogs, okay?
SPEAKER_2: But here's the thing, you guys.
SPEAKER_1: What's to stop that?
SPEAKER_1: I mean, nothing is going to stop Chuck's blog, right?
SPEAKER_5: Nothing's to stop that.
SPEAKER_5: No, that's absolutely a problem, and that is a huge problem on the internet.
SPEAKER_5: The crazy people manage to find their own people.
SPEAKER_5: 30 years ago, it would have been a crazy guy living alone in his crazy little house.
SPEAKER_5: He now manages to find the 10 people on the planet who agree with him, and they manage to sit there and talk to each other and convince each other further of things, and that's one of the downsides of the internet.
SPEAKER_3: I call that Wednesday, so.
SPEAKER_2: So this is a big concern, you guys, is that everybody's voice has the same sound, the same size at first.
SPEAKER_2: So how do we-
SPEAKER_1: It's gotta rise up.
SPEAKER_2: And so a question is, these people are self-selecting.
SPEAKER_2: Elise's audience is self-selecting.
SPEAKER_2: I know the StarTalk listeners are self-selecting, so there's still a problem of getting it to everybody.
SPEAKER_1: This remains a challenge not yet resolved.
SPEAKER_1: Elise, thanks for being on StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: And for Skyping in.
SPEAKER_1: Maybe we can get you on on another broadcast.
SPEAKER_2: Keep up the good work.
SPEAKER_1: Yes, and we are all in that 19 million except for Chuck.
SPEAKER_1: You've been listening to StarTalk Radio.
SPEAKER_1: Chuck, thanks for being on.
SPEAKER_1: Elise, thanks for coming in by Skype.
SPEAKER_1: The man himself, Bill Nye, as always.
SPEAKER_2: So good to be had.
SPEAKER_1: Thanks, thanks.
SPEAKER_1: I'm Neil deGrasse Tyson, as always, always bidding you to keep looking up.